Table of Content
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1.2 MARKET DEFINITION
1.3 OVERVIEW
1.4 LIMITATIONS
1.5 MARKETS COVERED
2 MARKET SEGMENTATION
2.1 MARKETS COVERED
2.2 GEOGRAPHICAL SCOPE
2.3 YEARS CONSIDERED FOR THE STUDY
2.4 CURRENCY AND PRICING
2.5 DBMR TRIPOD DATA VALIDATION MODEL
2.6 MULTIVARIATE MODELING
2.7 PRIMARY INTERVIEWS WITH KEY OPINION LEADERS
2.8 DBMR MARKET POSITION GRID
2.9 DBMR VENDOR SHARE ANALYSIS
2.1 SECONDARY SOURCES
2.11 ASSUMPTIONS
3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
4 PREMIUM INSIGHTS
4.1 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS
4.1.1 RAW MATERIAL COLLECTION
4.1.2 PRE-PROCESSING AND TRANSPORTATION
4.1.3 PROCESSING AND FORMULATION
4.1.4 PACKAGING AND LABELING
4.1.5 MARKETING AND DISTRIBUTION
4.2 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS WITH PARENT MARKET
4.2.1 PRODUCT COMPOSITION AND TYPES
4.2.2 SUSTAINABILITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
4.2.3 MARKET DRIVERS
4.2.4 REGIONAL MARKET DYNAMICS
4.2.5 CHALLENGES
4.2.6 CONCLUSION
4.3 FUTURE PERSPECTIVE ON THE EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZER MARKET
4.3.1 SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE DRIVING DEMAND
4.3.2 TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS ENHANCING MARKET VALUE
4.3.3 RISING ADOPTION IN EMERGING MARKETS
4.3.4 SUPPORTIVE REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT
4.3.5 CHALLENGES & FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES
4.4 GROWTH STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY KEY MANUFACTURERS
4.4.1 STRATEGIC GEOGRAPHIC EXPANSION
4.4.2 PRODUCT DIVERSIFICATION & INNOVATION
4.4.3 MERGERS, ACQUISITIONS & STRATEGIC ALLIANCES
4.4.4 INVESTMENT IN SUSTAINABLE HARVESTING & TRACEABILITY
4.4.5 DIGITAL MARKETING & DIRECT-TO-FARMER OUTREACH
4.4.6 FOCUS ON REGULATORY COMPLIANCE & CERTIFICATIONS
4.5 NEW PRODUCT LAUNCH STRATEGIES
4.5.1 MARKET-DRIVEN PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
4.5.2 SUSTAINABILITY AND ORGANIC CERTIFICATION
4.5.3 INNOVATIVE FORMULATIONS AND VALUE-ADDED FEATURES
4.5.4 STRATEGIC COLLABORATIONS AND JOINT VENTURES
4.5.5 DIGITAL MARKETING AND FARMER EDUCATION
4.5.6 BRAND POSITIONING AND PACKAGING
4.5.7 REGULATORY COMPLIANCE AND EXPORT STRATEGY
4.5.8 CONCLUSION
4.6 SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS
4.6.1 SEAWEED CULTIVATION & HARVESTING
4.6.2 RAW MATERIAL HANDLING & TRANSPORTATION
4.6.3 PROCESSING & FORMULATION
4.6.4 PACKAGING & QUALITY CONTROL
4.6.5 DISTRIBUTION & LOGISTICS
4.6.6 END-USER DELIVERY & SUPPORT SERVICES
5 COVID-19 PANDEMIC IMPACT
5.1 ANALYSIS ON IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE MARKET
5.2 AFTERMATH OF COVID-19 AND GOVERNMENT INITIATIVE TO BOOST THE MARKET
5.3 STRATEGIC DECISIONS FOR SEAWEED FERTILIZER MANUFACTURERS POST COVID-19 TO GAIN COMPETITIVE MARKET SHARE:
5.4 PRICE IMPACT
5.5 IMPACT OF DEMAND
5.6 IMPACT OF SUPPLY CHAIN
5.7 CONCLUSION
6 REGULATORY COVERAGE
7 MARKET OVERVIEW
7.1 DRIVERS
7.1.1 RISING DEMAND FOR SUSTAINABLE, ORGANIC AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES
7.1.2 SEAWEED FERTILIZERS ENHANCE CROP YIELD AND NUTRITION
7.1.3 NATURAL PEST CONTROL PROPERTIES ENHANCING THE DEMAND
7.1.4 GOVERNMENT INCENTIVES BOOSTING ORGANIC FERTILIZER PRODUCT ADOPTION
7.2 RESTRAINTS
7.2.1 HIGH PRODUCTION AND PROCESSING COSTS LIMIT AFFORDABILITY
7.2.2 LIMITED FARMER AWARENESS, ESPECIALLY IN DEVELOPING REGIONS
7.3 OPPORTUNITIES
7.3.1 ORGANIC FOOD MARKET GROWTH BOOSTS FERTILIZER DEMAND
7.3.2 BOOST IN THE HOME GARDENING MARKET
7.3.3 INNOVATIVE FORMULATIONS IMPROVE USABILITY AND PRODUCT PERFORMANCE
7.4 CHALLENGES
7.4.1 VARIABILITY IN SEED QUALITY HINDERS PRODUCT CONSISTENCY
7.4.2 COMPLEX REGULATIONS ACROSS REGIONS RESTRICT PRODUCT APPROVAL
8 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TYPE OF SEAWEED
8.1 OVERVIEW
8.2 ASCOPHYLLUM
8.3 LAMINARIA
8.4 SARGASSUM
8.5 ECKLONIA
8.6 FUCUS
8.7 KAPPAPHYCUS
8.8 GELIDIUM
8.9 SACCORHIZA
8.1 OTHERS
9 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FORM
9.1 OVERVIEW
9.2 LIQUID
9.2.1 LIQUID, BY SEAWEED TYPE
9.3 DRY
9.3.1 DRY, BY SEAWEED TYPE
9.4 OTHER
9.4.1 OTHER, BY SEAWEED TYPE
10 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FUNCTION
10.1 OVERVIEW
10.2 GERMINATION
10.3 PLANT GROWTH
10.4 NUTRIENT ENHANCEMENT
10.5 YIELD EFFICIENCY
10.6 OTHERS
11 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE
11.1 OVERVIEW
11.2 FRUITS & VEGETABLES
11.2.1 FRUITS & VEGETABLES, BY CROP TYPE
11.3 OILSEEDS & PULSES
11.3.1 OILSEEDS & PULSES, BY CROP TYPE
11.4 CEREALS & GRAINS
11.4.1 CEREALS & GRAINS, BY CROP TYPE
11.5 TURF & ORNAMENTAL
11.6 OTHER
12 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TREATMENT
12.1 OVERVIEW
12.2 FOLIAR TREATMENT
12.3 SOIL TREATMENT
12.4 SEED TREATMENT
12.5 OTHERS
13 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION
13.1 OVERVIEW
13.2 FARMS
13.3 GARDEN
13.4 GREENHOUSE
13.5 OTHERS
14 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY PRODUCT TYPE
14.1 OVERVIEW
14.2 ORGANIC
14.3 INORGANIC
15 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION
15.1 EUROPE
15.1.1 GERMANY
15.1.2 FRANCE
15.1.3 U.K.
15.1.4 SPAIN
15.1.5 NETHERLANDS
15.1.6 BELGIUM
15.1.7 ITALY
15.1.8 RUSSIA
15.1.9 SWITZERLAND
15.1.10 TURKEY
15.1.11 SWEDEN
15.1.12 DENMARK
15.1.13 POLAND
15.1.14 REST OF EUROPE
16 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET: COMPANY LANDSCAPE
16.1 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS: EUROPE
17 COMPANY PROFILE
17.1 ICL
17.1.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
17.1.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS
17.1.3 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS
17.1.4 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
17.1.5 RECENT DEVELOPMENT/NEWS
17.1.6 SWOT ANALYSIS
17.2 KELPAK
17.2.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
17.2.2 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS
17.2.3 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
17.2.4 SWOT ANALYSIS
17.2.5 RECENT DEVELOPMENT
17.3 HAIFA NEGEV TECHNOLOGIES LTD
17.3.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
17.3.2 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS
17.3.3 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
17.3.4 SWOT ANALYSIS
17.3.5 RECENT DEVELOPMENT
17.4 SHANDONG JIEJING GROUP CORPORATION
17.4.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
17.4.2 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS
17.4.3 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
17.4.4 SWOT ANALYSIS
17.4.5 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
17.5 MAXICROP USA, INC
17.5.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
17.5.2 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS
17.5.3 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
17.5.4 SWOT ANALYSIS
17.5.5 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
17.6 AGRO BIO CHEMICALS
17.6.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
17.6.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
17.6.3 SWOT ANALYSIS
17.6.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
17.7 AGROCART
17.7.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
17.7.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
17.7.3 SWOT ANALYSIS
17.7.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
17.8 ALGASBRAS
17.8.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
17.8.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
17.8.3 SWOT ANALYSIS
17.8.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENT
17.9 BIOLCHIM SPA.
17.9.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
17.9.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
17.9.3 SWOT ANALYSIS
17.9.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENT
17.1 DORA AGRI-TECH
17.10.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
17.10.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
17.10.3 SWOT ANALYSIS
17.10.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENT
17.11 FOXFARM SOIL & FERTILIZER CO
17.11.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
17.11.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
17.11.3 SWOT ANALYSIS
17.11.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENT
17.12 GREENRISEAGROINDUSTRIES
17.12.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
17.12.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
17.12.3 SWOT ANALYSIS
17.12.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENT
17.13 IFFCO
17.13.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
17.13.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
17.13.3 SWOT ANALYSIS
17.13.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENT
17.14 OCEAN ORGANICS
17.14.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
17.14.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
17.14.3 SWOT ANALYSIS
17.14.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
17.15 ECO ORGANIC GARDEN
17.15.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
17.15.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
17.15.3 SWOT ANALYSIS
17.15.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENT
17.16 OLIGRO
17.16.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
17.16.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
17.16.3 SWOT ANALYSIS
17.16.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENT
17.17 QINGDAO HAIJINGLING SEAWEED BIOTECHNOLOGY GROUP CO.,LTD.
17.17.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
17.17.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
17.17.3 SWOT ANALYSIS
17.17.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENT
17.18 SEASOL
17.18.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
17.18.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
17.18.3 SWOT ANALYSIS
17.18.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
17.19 SUBONEYO CHEMICALS PHARMACEUTICALS P LIMITED
17.19.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
17.19.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
17.19.3 SWOT ANALYSIS
17.19.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
17.2 TERRALINK HORTICULTURE INC.
17.20.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
17.20.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
17.20.3 SWOT ANALYSIS
17.20.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENT
17.21 THE ESPOMA COMPANY
17.21.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
17.21.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
17.21.3 SWOT ANALYSIS
17.21.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
17.22 VALAGRO
17.22.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT
17.22.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
17.22.3 SWOT ANALYSIS
17.22.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
18 QUESTIONNAIRE
19 RELATED REPORTS
List of Table
TABLE 1 REGULATORY COVERAGE
TABLE 2 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TYPE OF SEAWEED, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 3 EUROPE ASCOPHYLLUM IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 4 EUROPE LAMINARIA IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 5 EUROPE SARGASSUM IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 6 EUROPE ECKLONIA IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 7 EUROPE FUCUS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 8 EUROPE KAPPAPHYCUS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 9 EUROPE GELIDIUM IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 10 EUROPE SACCORHIZA IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 11 EUROPE OTHERS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 12 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FORM, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 13 EUROPE LIQUID IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 14 EUROPE LIQUID IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 15 EUROPE DRY IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 16 EUROPE DRY IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 17 EUROPE OTHER IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 18 EUROPE OTHER IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 19 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FUNCTION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 20 EUROPE GERMINATION IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 21 EUROPE PLANT GROWTH IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 22 EUROPE NUTRIENT ENHANCEMENT IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 23 EUROPE YIELD EFFICIENCY IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 24 EUROPE OTHERS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 25 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 26 EUROPE FRUITS & VEGETABLES IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 27 EUROPE FRUITS & VEGETABLE IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 28 EUROPE OILSEEDS & PULSES IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 29 EUROPE OILSEEDS & PULSES IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 30 EUROPE CEREALS & GRAINS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 31 EUROPE CEREALS & GRAINS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 32 EUROPE TURF & ORNAMENTAL IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 33 EUROPE OTHERS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 34 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TREATMENT, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 35 EUROPE FOLIAR TREATMENT IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 36 EUROPE SOIL TREATMENT IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 37 EUROPE SEED TREATMENT IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 38 EUROPE OTHERS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 39 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 40 EUROPE FARMS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 41 EUROPE GARDEN IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 42 EUROPE GREENHOUSE IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 43 EUROPE OTHERS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 44 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 45 EUROPE ORGANIC IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 46 EUROPE INORGANIC IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 47 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 48 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TYPE OF SEAWEED, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 49 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FORM, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 50 EUROPE LIQUID IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 51 EUROPE DRY IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 52 EUROPE OTHER IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 53 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FUNCTION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 54 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 55 EUROPE FRUITS & VEGETABLE IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 56 EUROPE OILSEEDS & PULSES IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 57 EUROPE CEREALS & GRAINS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 58 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TREATMENT, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 59 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 60 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY PRODUCT TYPE , 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 61 GERMANY SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TYPE OF SEAWEED, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 62 GERMANY SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FORM, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 63 GERMANY LIQUID IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 64 GERMANY DRY IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 65 GERMANY OTHER IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 66 GERMANY SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FUNCTION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 67 GERMANY SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 68 GERMANY FRUITS & VEGETABLE IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 69 GERMANY OILSEEDS & PULSES IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 70 GERMANY CEREALS & GRAINS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 71 GERMANY SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TREATMENT, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 72 GERMANY SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 73 GERMANY SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY PRODUCT TYPE , 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 74 FRANCE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TYPE OF SEAWEED, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 75 FRANCE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FORM, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 76 FRANCE LIQUID IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 77 FRANCE DRY IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 78 FRANCE OTHER IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 79 FRANCE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FUNCTION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 80 FRANCE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 81 FRANCE FRUITS & VEGETABLE IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 82 FRANCE OILSEEDS & PULSES IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 83 FRANCE CEREALS & GRAINS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 84 FRANCE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TREATMENT, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 85 FRANCE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 86 FRANCE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY PRODUCT TYPE , 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 88 U.K. SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FORM, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 89 U.K. LIQUID IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 90 U.K. DRY IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 91 U.K. OTHER IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 92 U.K. SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FUNCTION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 93 U.K. SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 94 U.K. FRUITS & VEGETABLE IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 95 U.K. OILSEEDS & PULSES IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 96 U.K. CEREALS & GRAINS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 97 U.K. SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TREATMENT, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 98 U.K. SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 99 U.K. SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY PRODUCT TYPE , 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 100 SPAIN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TYPE OF SEAWEED, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 101 SPAIN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FORM, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 102 SPAIN LIQUID IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 103 SPAIN DRY IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 104 SPAIN OTHER IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 105 SPAIN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FUNCTION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 106 SPAIN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 107 SPAIN FRUITS & VEGETABLE IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 108 SPAIN OILSEEDS & PULSES IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 109 SPAIN CEREALS & GRAINS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 110 SPAIN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TREATMENT, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 111 SPAIN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 112 SPAIN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY PRODUCT TYPE , 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 113 NETHERLANDS SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TYPE OF SEAWEED, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 114 NETHERLANDS SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FORM, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 115 NETHERLANDS LIQUID IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 116 NETHERLANDS DRY IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 117 NETHERLANDS OTHER IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 118 NETHERLANDS SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FUNCTION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 119 NETHERLANDS SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 120 NETHERLANDS FRUITS & VEGETABLE IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 121 NETHERLANDS OILSEEDS & PULSES IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 122 NETHERLANDS CEREALS & GRAINS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 123 NETHERLANDS SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TREATMENT, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 124 NETHERLANDS SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 125 NETHERLANDS SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY PRODUCT TYPE , 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 126 BELGIUM SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TYPE OF SEAWEED, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 127 BELGIUM SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FORM, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 128 BELGIUM LIQUID IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 129 BELGIUM DRY IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 130 BELGIUM OTHER IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 131 BELGIUM SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FUNCTION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 132 BELGIUM SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 133 BELGIUM FRUITS & VEGETABLE IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 134 BELGIUM OILSEEDS & PULSES IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 135 BELGIUM CEREALS & GRAINS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 136 BELGIUM SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TREATMENT, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 137 BELGIUM SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 138 BELGIUM SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY PRODUCT TYPE , 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 139 ITALY SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TYPE OF SEAWEED, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 140 ITALY SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FORM, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 141 ITALY LIQUID IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 142 ITALY DRY IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 143 ITALY OTHER IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 144 ITALY SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FUNCTION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 145 ITALY SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 146 ITALY FRUITS & VEGETABLE IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 147 ITALY OILSEEDS & PULSES IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 148 ITALY CEREALS & GRAINS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 149 ITALY SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TREATMENT, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 150 ITALY SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 151 ITALY SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY PRODUCT TYPE , 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 152 RUSSIA SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TYPE OF SEAWEED, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 153 RUSSIA SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FORM, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 154 RUSSIA LIQUID IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 155 RUSSIA DRY IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 156 RUSSIA OTHER IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 157 RUSSIA SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FUNCTION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 158 RUSSIA SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 159 RUSSIA FRUITS & VEGETABLE IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 160 RUSSIA OILSEEDS & PULSES IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 161 RUSSIA CEREALS & GRAINS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 162 RUSSIA SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TREATMENT, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 163 RUSSIA SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 164 RUSSIA SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY PRODUCT TYPE , 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 165 SWITZERLAND SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TYPE OF SEAWEED, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 166 SWITZERLAND SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FORM, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 167 SWITZERLAND LIQUID IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 168 SWITZERLAND DRY IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 169 SWITZERLAND OTHER IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 170 SWITZERLAND SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FUNCTION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 171 SWITZERLAND SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 172 SWITZERLAND FRUITS & VEGETABLE IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 173 SWITZERLAND OILSEEDS & PULSES IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 174 SWITZERLAND CEREALS & GRAINS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 175 SWITZERLAND SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TREATMENT, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 176 SWITZERLAND SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 177 SWITZERLAND SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY PRODUCT TYPE , 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 178 TURKEY SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TYPE OF SEAWEED, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 179 TURKEY SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FORM, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 180 TURKEY LIQUID IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 181 TURKEY DRY IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 182 TURKEY OTHER IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 183 TURKEY SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FUNCTION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 184 TURKEY SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 185 TURKEY FRUITS & VEGETABLE IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 186 TURKEY OILSEEDS & PULSES IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 187 TURKEY CEREALS & GRAINS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 188 TURKEY SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TREATMENT, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 189 TURKEY SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 190 TURKEY SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY PRODUCT TYPE , 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 191 SWEDEN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TYPE OF SEAWEED, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 192 SWEDEN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FORM, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 193 SWEDEN LIQUID IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 194 SWEDEN DRY IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 195 SWEDEN OTHER IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 196 SWEDEN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FUNCTION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 197 SWEDEN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 198 SWEDEN FRUITS & VEGETABLE IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 199 SWEDEN OILSEEDS & PULSES IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 200 SWEDEN CEREALS & GRAINS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 201 SWEDEN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TREATMENT, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 202 SWEDEN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 203 SWEDEN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY PRODUCT TYPE , 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 204 DENMARK SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TYPE OF SEAWEED, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 205 DENMARK SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FORM, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 206 DENMARK LIQUID IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 207 DENMARK DRY IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 208 DENMARK OTHER IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 209 DENMARK SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FUNCTION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 210 DENMARK SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 211 DENMARK FRUITS & VEGETABLE IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 212 DENMARK OILSEEDS & PULSES IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 213 DENMARK CEREALS & GRAINS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 214 DENMARK SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TREATMENT, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 215 DENMARK SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 216 DENMARK SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY PRODUCT TYPE , 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 217 POLAND SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TYPE OF SEAWEED, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 218 POLAND SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FORM, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 221 POLAND DRY IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 222 POLAND OTHER IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY SEAWEED TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 223 POLAND SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FUNCTION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 224 POLAND SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 225 POLAND FRUITS & VEGETABLE IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 226 POLAND OILSEEDS & PULSES IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 227 POLAND CEREALS & GRAINS IN SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 228 POLAND SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TREATMENT, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 229 POLAND SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 230 POLAND SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY PRODUCT TYPE , 2018-2032 (USD)
TABLE 231 REST OF EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TYPE OF SEAWEED, 2018-2032 (USD)
List of Figure
FIGURE 1 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET
FIGURE 2 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET: DATA TRIANGULATION
FIGURE 3 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET: DROC ANALYSIS
FIGURE 4 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET: EUROPE VS REGIONAL MARKET ANALYSIS
FIGURE 5 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET: COMPANY RESEARCH ANALYSIS
FIGURE 6 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET: MULTIVARIATE MODELLING
FIGURE 7 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET: INTERVIEW DEMOGRAPHICS
FIGURE 8 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET: DBMR MARKET POSITION GRID
FIGURE 9 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET: VENDOR SHARE ANALYSIS
FIGURE 11 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET: SEGMENTATION
FIGURE 12 RISING DEMAND FOR SUSTAINABLE, ORGANIC AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES IS EXPECTED TO DRIVE THE EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET IN THE FORECAST PERIOD
FIGURE 13 THE ASCOPHYLLUM SEGMENT IS EXPECTED TO ACCOUNT FOR THE LARGEST SHARE OF THE EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET IN 2025 AND 2032
FIGURE 14 VALUE CHAIN OF EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET
FIGURE 15 DRIVERS, RESTRAINTS, OPPORTUNITIES, AND CHALLENGES FOR EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET
FIGURE 16 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET: BY TYPE OF SEAWEED, 2024
FIGURE 17 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FORM, 2024
FIGURE 18 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY FUNCTION, 2024
FIGURE 19 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY CROP TYPE, 2024
FIGURE 20 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY TREATMENT, 2024
FIGURE 21 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2024
FIGURE 22 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2024
FIGURE 23 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET: SNAPSHOT (2024)
FIGURE 24 EUROPE SEAWEED FERTILIZERS MARKET: COMPANY SHARE 2024 (%)
