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COVID-19 Impact on Warts Treatment in Healthcare IndustryCOVID-19 spread cursorily across the various countries of the globe, with high number of cases reported worldwide. We can see the impact of COVID-19 on global economy. The COVID-19 has given rise to many complex challenges in the front of different health care companies which has badly influenced the global economy. The first case of COVID-19 was reported in the city of Wuhan, China from where it has speeded every region of the world and become pandemic for world. This pandemic situation has badly affected healthcare companies and pharmaceutical sector.COVID-19 also affected the market by influencing price of warts treatment, demand and supply of warts treatment products and various strategic decisions taken by manufacturers of warts treatment products.Warts are common skin growths caused by a virus human papillomavirus (HPV). They are not cancer and don’t turn into cancer. Warts can spread to other people and other part of body by come in contact.PRICE IMPACTDuring COVID-19, the need for successful treatment of different types of skin disorders such as warts is rising due to people's fear of COVID-19 infection.The price of drugs used in treatment of warts increased during the COVID-19. Price of drug Leflunomide increased during pandemic because this drug is used for both COVID-19 infection and for warts treatment due to its immunosuppressive and antiviral activity. Leflunomide is a potential option for post transplantation patients with skin warts and small-scale medication of Leflunomide is also used in treatment of COVID-19.For instance,Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen is one of very effective treatment of warts. The cure rates of 50 to 70% after three or four treatments. Due to spread of COVID-19 there is variation in rate of cryotherapy. Now the rate of cryotherapy increased to USD 60 to USD 100 for single session from USD 30 for one session.Pulsed dry laser is a laser treatment used for the treat warts. There is variation in the price of pulsed dry laser treatment due to spread of COVID-19. The price of pulsed dry laser increased to average cost of USD 725 for on session from USD 500 per session.IMPACT ON DEMAND COVID-19 has led to the closure of many manufacturing plants and companies of various region of world. Due to closure of manufacturing plants in various regions the global economy has very badly affected.COVID 19 is expected to be opportunity for the markets. Because many immunosuppressive drugs such as Leflunomide are used for treatment of both post transplantation patients with skin warts and Coronavirus due to its immunosuppressive and antiviral activity. Due to this the demand of warts treatment is increased.FIGURE 1. PREVALENCE OF WARTS TREATMENTThis chart shows that there is increase in prevalence of wart in year 2020 as compare to number of prevalence in last year 2019. This increase in prevalence shows that there is increase in demand of wart treatment product as compared to last year.For instance,As we know that wart is define as common skin disorder caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). It spread from one part of body to other part and one person to other person by come in contact. It has been estimated that 70% of sexually active women become infected during their life time with human papillomavirus (HPV)According to Peritech Pharma, it is estimated that only up to 5% of HPV carriers develop genital warts. 45% of genital warts patients are belonging to age group of 14 and 19. This directly led to increase in demand of wart treatment.IMPACT ON SUPPLYAs COVID-19 spreading began in China and China is world supplier of raw material for the production of various pharmaceutical products. Due to spread of COVID-19 lockdown have imposed by government of various countries. There are restrictions on cross country transportation such as air freights ban across the globe. The transportation restrictions have direct impact on supply chain. This led to a decrease in supply of APIs needed for drug manufacturing. This shortage of API also led to increase in price and demand raw material.These shortages also act as great opportunity for many domestic companies for increasing the sale of their products and become leader of respective market.For instance,Due to spread of COVID-19 we have to face health crisis and an economic disaster across the world. Since the manufacturing activities in China and India shut down. One of major reason of shut down of manufacturing activities in India is the shortage of raw material or APIs which are majorly supplied from the Chine to all over the world. This led to increase in price and demand of many pharmaceutical products.Due to spread of COVID-19 there are restrictions in manufacturing and logistic activities have been suspended. In order to satisfy the need for food grains, ingredients, medication and other important products, an action plan to counter pandemic-based disturbances has been proposed.STRATEGIC DECISIONS OF MANUFACTURERSCollaboration, agreements, strategic initiatives by market players such as Cutanea Life Sciences, Inc, Verrica, Merck & Co., Inc, Cassiopea, Bausch Health Companies Inc among others in the market will help them to expand their product portfolio. This in turn will lead to increasing product sales and hence will enhance the overall company’s revenue.Major players of the market companies are taking many decisions in order to cope up with the current scenario of COVID-19 pandemic. The companies engaged in manufacturing of wart treatment products are collaborating so as to accelerate the market growth.Companies have already taken several kinds of strategic initiatives in order to cope up with the Coronavirus situation.For instance,In August 2019, Cutanea Life Sciences, Inc is developing CLS001 for the treatment of common warts. CLS001 is currently in phase III trial. If trial successful, it will most awaited treatment options for the patients with warts.In June 2019, Verrica Pharmaceuticals reported positive topline results from phase II, open label clinical trial (COVE-1) for VP-102 to be developed for the treatment of common warts.In July 2018, Cassiopea announced the availability of proof of concept for their Phase II clinical trial being conducted for "CB-06-02" topical 15% immune modulator tellurium-based gel designed for the treatment of genital warts at an extreme level.In June 2018, Merck & Co., Inc. announced that they had received the U.S. FDA approval for the new supplemental review submitted by the company of a supplemental Biologics License Application for “GARDASIL”, 9-valent HPV vaccine. The review is for expansion of age indication of the drug covering nine HPV types and their treatment.In February 2020, Bausch Health Companies Inc. launched a new telemedicine platform on Dermatology. Com in the U.S. This website allows patients to consult with a healthcare professional in order to receive prescription on demand for various dermatology products such as ALDARA, SOLODYN.CONCLUSIONThe pandemic of COVID-19 has resulted in several restrictions throughout the borders. There is great economical unbalance throughout the world. Many segments have to face economic crises, but still manufacturers of warts treatment products are able to manage their stocks.Various manufacturers are continuously engage in conducting clinical trials for demonstrating the safety and efficacy of warts treatment along with this they are constantly monitoring the supply chain so as to attain a lucrative growth. Rise in price is also beneficial for companies. They are gaining extra profit which is helping them to combat the negative effect on overall revenue.
COVID-19 Impact on Global Thoracic Surgery Devices Market in Healthcare IndustryThe COVID-19 pandemic has gripped every nation's health care system and provisions on all levels. It is a respiratory disease which is caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2). The first case of COVID-19 can be traced back to November, 2019 in China weeks before the authorities announced the emergence of the new virus.The virus has affected all regions such as North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, South America and Middle East and Africa. There is no region that is not affected by the virus. In March, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 as a pandemic referring to more than 118,000 cases of coronavirus disease in more than 110 countries and territories worldwide and the continuing possibility of further global spread.While some countries have struggled to respond to the pandemic, others have faced the challenge far more effectively. The highest number of new confirmed cases globally was reported in December, 2020 (1,771,180). Countries such as the U.S., Brazil and Mexico were at the top with the highest death toll. The pandemic has particularly impacted the field of thoracic surgery with elective (or cases which do not require immediate attention) operation being delayed while in some regions being halted. Certain clinical staffs have been asked to stay at home, there has been re-distribution of the clinical workforce to attend the COVID-19 patients causing disruption in normal public services affecting the healthcare workforce. As a result, the impact is noticeable in the thoracic surgery devices marketSurgery on the organs in the chest or thorax requires thoracic surgery. The food pipe, wind pipe, lungs, chest wall, heart and diaphragm are among the most popular treatments. Thoracic surgery is frequently associated with heart surgery and is known as cardiothoracic surgery. The aim of thoracic surgery is to treat organs in the chest or thorax that are diseased or damaged. IMPACT ON SUPPLYThe pandemic has triggered unprecedented increased demand for certain medical devices while significant disruption to manufacturing and supply chain of various others. The pandemic forced various countries to go into lockdown which also disrupted the supply chain of several raw materials and components for certain surgical medical devices including the devices used for thoracic surgeries.For instance,In March 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (CARES Act) was signed into law. The CARES Act added Section 506J to the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) and provided the FDA for the first time with new authority that intended to help prevent or mitigate negative public health impacts of medical devices supply chain disruptions “during or in advance of a public health emergency declared by the Secretary under section 319 of the Public Health Service (PHS) Act.” The creation of the law leads to the allowance of thoracic surgeries which was life threatening or of the utmost importance to be conducted while the patients who had to undergo thoracic surgeries to get an approval and the rest (unimportant as per the situation) were delayed indefinitely. This has slowed down the supply of thoracic surgery devices market.However, the launch of new products and new acquisitions by the companies intend to increase the supply of the thoracic surgery devices market.In December 2020, A&E Medical Corp., a cardiothoracic surgery business was acquired by Zimmer Biomet. USD 150.00 million cash at closing and USD 100.00 million cash payable this year which is included in the USD 250.00 million deals. In the dental, spinal and craniomaxillofacial and thoracic business unit of Zimmer Biomet, revenues from the portfolio will be remembered. This is intended to improve the availability of instruments for thoracic surgery.In September 2020, Ethicon, a part of Johnson & Johnson Medical Devices Companies announced the introduction of ECHELON ENDOPATH Staple Line Reinforcement (SLR), a new buttressing system designed to further reinforce staple lines and reduce possible complications during bariatric, thoracic and general surgical procedures. This is the company's first buttress solution designed for use with its own industry-leading GST reloaded ECHELON FLEX Driven Staplers which have been connected to lower air leakage rates and bleeding complications. ECHELON ENDOPATH SLR is to assist surgeons who want even more power along the staple line and to solve problems with current buttressing options that can be hard to load and result in uneven coverage of the staple line that can loosen during stapling procedures with traditional manoeuvring.IMPACT ON DEMANDThe complications of the virus reach well beyond respiratory failure to life-threatening cardiac, renal and immunological dysfunction to name a few. The consequences have been profound for cardiac surgery and cardiac surgeons. Although they are not as involved as the front-line warriors, they have been called upon to provide the local healthcare providers who have navigated the various challenges posed by the virus with leadership and direction. Due to their engagement in the prevention of the on-going pandemic, the demand for the thoracic surgery devices were reduced. Though, the growing demand for cardiovascular surgeries which are driven by factors which include the increase in the cardiac rhythm management (CRM) system replacements, the increasing number of CRM implantation facilities and also the rising popularity of CVD and lung diseases.For instanceIn North America, the numbers of cardiovascular surgeries are predicted to rise to 461,046 in 2021.In January 2021, King George’s Medical University (KGMU) became the countries third dedicated thoracic surgery department. This would eventually boost the demand for thoracic surgery devices in the upcoming years. Due to technical advancement, improved surgical experience and confidence among high-risk individuals, the demand for thoracic surgery has also increased among older patients and patients with significant co-morbidities. It is also expected that the growth in demand for minimal invasive thoracic procedures would drive the market.The cancellation of all surgeries except those deemed essential to minimize contact between patients and physicians caused a decline in the surgical practices during the pandemic which in-turn increased the demand for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgeries (VATS).The high prevalence of lung cancer is likely to boost the global thoracic surgery devices market. Lung cancer is the second-most common type of cancer. According to the estimation of American Cancer Society, around 228,150 new cases of lung cancer are reported in 2019. CONCLUSIONCOVID-19 has created havoc causing drastic changes in the healthcare sector. However, due to the new law added by the CARES Act, the thoracic surgery devices market had come to a halt. But the thoracic surgery devices market is expected to boom in the coming years majorly due to the increase in cardiovascular surgeries, high prevalence of lung diseases and rise in the number of people opting for VATS.
COVID-19 Impact on Industrial Hemp in Chemical and Materials IndustryIndustrial hemp is a type of plant which is related to cannabis species and it is used worldwide to create various types of industrial products for the consumers. Hemp is an origin of fiber and oil seeds grown in more than 30 nations. In the U.S., hemp production is controlled under drug enforcement laws.The hesitancy between marijuana and industrial hemp are similar based on visual and widely differentiated on the basis of varieties of cultivation of plants.IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON HEMP OILCOVID-19 has highly affected the demand of the hemp oil and CBD oil market as according to many studies conducted by team of scientists in Canada, CBD oil can boost the immune system and can help to fight against COVID-19 to help prevent and treat coronavirus infections. After the paramedics, marijuana or cannabis shops and industries are essentially considered as pharmacies, reflecting a shift in cultural perceptions about the usage of cannabis. The overall trend reflects the mainstreaming of marijuana in the U.S. society with state and local governments increasingly recognizing the value and benefits of medicinal marijuana in COVID-19 pandemic. The growth of cannabis is increasing, widely owing to COVID-19 crisis as in the U.S., new consumers are emerging and adopting cannabis drinks for boosting their immunity and also medicines made from marijuana or cannabis as these medicines are widely adopted to reduce the body pain.IMPACT ON DEMANDDue to the pandemic, there is a huge demand of hemp oil and CBD oil. Cannabis companies are seeing record-breaking numbers of orders and higher-than-average total purchase price per customer. When the risk of COVID-19 fades, the financial impact will remain for a long time as the sick or infected people will use their own grown medicines.Sales in Denver on March 23rd, 2020 were up by 392 percent over the same weekday prior to the stay-home order. After the state forced in-person retail operations to close, a Reno delivery service saw a 400 percent rise in revenue. In the U.S., places that had legalized sales, the determination of retail store closing or staying open as vital infrastructure or urgent medical needs was inconsistent.After the lockdown in the country, cannabis dispensaries experienced a significant rise in sales and new customers.For instance,In March 2020, the Orange County Register noted the increase in the overall sales by 30% in one week.In California, Oakland-based marijuana delivery service registered tripled the sales in one week.IMPACT ON SUPPLY CHAINSupply chain has been affected more due to the COVID-19 lockdown. Manufacturers are not being able to clear the old stock in the inventory and not able to manage the future demand of the marijuana grow kits in several industries which are impacting the North America marijuana grow kits industry for recreational. Due to the lockdown, there is a shortage of supply as most of the countries sourced indoor growing facilities products such as grow lights, pots and other agricultural commodities from other countries and the disruptions led to an anticipated 2- to 3-month delay for the grow kits materials.According to the report published by Business Reader, cannabis companies registered the highest numbers of orders and higher-than-average total purchase price per customer. Due to the lack of labors in pandemic situation, the demand of the cannabis oil such as hemp oil and other CBD oil could not be fulfilled. Such panic-buying is exacerbating supply chain bottlenecks and driving cultivators to order more cultivation supplies in anticipation of continued demand for cannabis.STRATEGIC DECISIONS FOR MANUFACTURERS AFTER COVID-19 TO GAIN COMPETITIVE MARKET SHAREHemp oil is also a major part of cannabis industries. As in the U.S., the cases are more than 2 million due to that, most of the production got hit and have created a situation of panic in the U.S. Thus, to maintain the demand and supply, various strategic decisions have been taken for the manufacturers.For instance,The executive director of National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws said, “Cannabis or marijuana is a safe, reliable and effective treatment that millions of consumers can rely for maintaining their daily lives while suffering from diseases and ailments.”In April 2020, Leafly, the U.S. based cannabis website launched a cannabis delivery service for Arizona, Florida, Maryland, Michigan, Nevada, New York and Oregon.CONCLUSIONIn 2020, COVID-19 causes the high demand of cannabis oil such as hemp or other CBD oil to enhance their immunity while having the drinks and product containing cannabis oil and the medicine made from cannabis will help to fight against COVID-19 as most of the medical manufacturers are widely adopting marijuana in the manufacturing of pain relief and other medicines but due to the shortage of supply and increased demands, there can be the price hike of marijuana products and even the grow kits products and the factor will drive the industrial hemp market growth.
COVID-19 Impact on Global Women Nutrition Market in Food and Beverages Industry With the outbreak of COVID-19 from Wuhan, China, and then its widespread all across the world, the outbreak has affected millions. Thus it is negatively affecting the global economic growth. This economic downfall is beyond anything experienced in nearly a century. For Instance, according to World Bank, the economic growth in Asia-Pacific region is projected to fall by 0.5% in 2020. In addition, according to Economics Times, as estimated by International Labor Organization, due to COVID-19 pandemic, in 2020, 81 million jobs were wiped out in Asia-Pacific, with 10% dip in labor income. Moreover, according to International Monetary Fund, the GDP of Europe has fallen by 40 percent in the second quarters due to the spread of virus. The pandemic has impacted all industries and sectors in the market in every aspect of supply and demand requirements.As the market has disrupted due to the pandemic, there have been some changes across market, brought in by the change in the consumption pattern of the consumers. Among these the consumption of nutritional products has increased among the consumers, especially women consumers. The reason for this increased demand is the growing health awareness among women and also during these peril times health has become a priority for the consumers. COVID-19 has drastically affected on Supply Chain of the NutrientsCOVID-19 world pandemic imposed a new set of challenges for people to maintain a healthy diet. First, the announcement of lockdown in many countries across the globe led all public and private sector institutions to shut down, with the exception of health care institutes along with limited number of essential services. Lockdown across the countries has huge impact on the supply chain of the material; it may be nutrition, food services and other essential material. The changes in dietary pattern during the outbreak of COVID-19 also have driven the demand for essential nutrients to remain healthy and to build the immune system.Steve Mister, CRN’s president and CEO, said in a letter to the USDA that dietary supplement companies, by and large, have a more elaborate supply chains in comparison to other food and beverage manufacturers. He also stated that, coronavirus has radically boosted the demand for dietary supplements among consumers across the regions. This increased demand for nutrients is due to awareness for improved nutrition intake, growing intake of sleep and stress relief supplements, and need of strong immune function to improve resistance towards COVID-19. This increased sale of supplement has created a new need in demand which is mismanaged due to restrictions in the market over the supply chain. Moreover, transportation is largely impacted due to shortages in workforce, less availability of freight capacity and increased costs due to restriction in the supply and lack of stock.Increased demand for Vitamin D and C, Zinc and Selenium Supplements Globally, research and developemnet team of pharmaceutical and biotechnoloical companies are working together to provide feasible solutions for immunity building supplements during the COVID-19 pandemic. There are no clear and convincing reports that back-up the importance of dietary supplements consumption in preventing COVID-19, except for vitamin D and C, zinc, and selenium. Reaserches have been carried out for Vitamin C, Vitamin D, and omega 3 fatty acid found in fish, generally known as DHA, are critical health supplements for boosting immunity. Vitamin C plays a major role in several aspects of immunity, including the growth and function of immune cells and antibody production. Vitamin C also functions as an antioxidant, protecting against damage induced by oxidative stress which occurs with the accumulation of reactive molecules known as free radicals. It also helps in reducing severity of upper respiratory tract infections including common cold. It significantly improves symptoms in people with severe infections, including sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) resulting from viral infections.For instance,Studies carried out by PLifeCOVIC-19 studies revealed that the most common nutrients supplemented during the first and second wave of COVID-19 were,Nutrients First wave of COVID-19Second wave of COVID-19vitamin D38%67%vitamin C17%37%omega-3 fatty acids15%35%Those nutrients were followed by folic acid (15%) and magnesium (15%) or vitamins B (33%) and folic acid (32%).Consumption of these nutrients to prevent the individuals from COVID-19 has strongly impacted on the global women nutrition market during pandemic period.Pregnant Women suffered more by Lacking Essential Nutrients during Outbreak of COVID-19 Pregnant women and mothers of young children are majorly affected by COVID-19, and especially when they have other underlying medical conditions. In principle, lockdown protocols in most countries do not prohibit health related travel, but on the other side healthcare providers as well as patients were less willing to travel for non-emergency check-up due to preventive care including nutrition counselling and micronutrient supplement distribution. According to world helath organization, it is estimated that more than 40% of pregnant women across the world are anaemic and among them at least half of this anaemia burden is due to iron deficiency.Following is the data for usage of nutrition by consumer for various purposes-Global nutrition manufacturers: Perspective & InitiativesValuing their partnership during the Coronavirus pandemic, Mead Johnson and Enfamil, have continued to manufactucture, products like formulas, vitamins and others, taking care of the health and safety of infants and children around the world.Christina J. Valentine, North America Medical Director, RB/Mead Johnson Nutrition“In February, DSM shipped 50 tons of Vitamin C from its Jiangshan site in China to Hubei province to help fight the outbreak. Our Scotland plant has been producing Vitamin C regularly and during the outbreak it has also received strong demand for Vitamin C products.”Dr. Jiang Weiming, President, DSM, China “Another issue is the qualification of a new vendor in case the usual supply chain is no longer able to deliver the ingredient. While companies often have a backup supplier, this may not be the case for all ingredients. There may be situations when there is a lot of pressure on procurement managers to find new suppliers quickly. However, companies may be better off to have a product out of stock rather than to approve a new supplier without having done a thorough audit, as required by GMPs for supplier qualification.”Stefan Gafner, PhD, chief science officer for ABC and technical director of the Botanical Adulterants Prevention Program (BAPP)“China is going to lose a lot of their primary manufacturing status in this industry.” He continues: “I think ‘Made in China’ is going to be a long-term problem for many years to come. People are going to be willing to pay more for products that have no exposure to China. The challenge is to reactivate the primary chemical industry that 30 or 40 years ago supplied these vitamins and other compounds to industry.”Mark LeDoux, CEO of Natural Alternatives International, Inc. Conclusion Pandemic has taken toll on every aspect of life, including the global economy. With the major downfall in many sectors, a collaborative effort of government, industry player and consumer can win the fight against COVID-19. The general measures for public health include, awareness about home isolate, keeping up with the food and medical supplies, particularly for underprivileged people is carefully followed by government around the world. During this pandemic circumstance, consumer awareness about high immunity has become a legitimate concern. Consumers have been shifting there buying presences from offline to online retails, to maintain social distancing. Lockdown mostly all over the world has resulted in disruption in the supply and demand chain. All sectors including women nutrition, has to suffer from various problems such as labor unavailability, inability to access markets, and lack in the availability of resources & raw material among others. But the situation is expected to improve with increase in demand, post-pandemic.
COVID-19 Impact on Cytokines in Healthcare IndustryCOVID-19, the pandemic as a whole, ever since the virus started spreading since the end of 2019 has been affecting an increasing number of people around the globe along with patients suffering from diseases that are caused because of unusual functioning of cytokines affecting the global cytokines market. COVID-19 spreads through droplets from the infected person, anyone in close proximity with the infected person is at a high risk of getting infected, increasing the incidences of COVID-19 patients which therefore has resulted in increasing instances of cytokines storms, thus increasing the market size.Moreover, lack of an effective treatment for COVID-19 as of yet has resulted in various levels of lockdowns around the globe which is impacting the number of open patients for cytokines related disorders along with having a direct impact on the economy and the financial system as a whole.COVID-19 infection is growing at an alarming rate. As a result of this, a significant amount of related data, studies and research works are also coming up. From these studies and data, it has been observed that the infection of COVID-19 is accompanied by a very aggressive inflammatory response known as cytokines storm which is the release of a huge amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The excessive inflammatory reaction is a result of host immune response to SARS-CoV-2 virus.It has been suggested that the cytokines storm is correlated with unfavorable prognosis of COVID-19, multi – organ failure and lung injury by a number of studies that has been analyzing cytokines profiles from COVID-19 patients. As a result, the situation has increased the size for cytokines market.PRICE IMPACTThe pandemic does not have significant impact on prices if cytokines market products. Some of the instances include:Common drugs used for treating cytokines storms that are being used for two decades by millions of people cost USD 25 on an average for treatment for a month before COVID-19. Because the prices were affordable for a major portion of the population, there has not been a significant impact of COVID-19 on price. The companies in medication sector, however, are trying to keep the prices more affordable to gain profit as compared to their competitors.Moreover, one of the major emerging applications of cytokines is immunotherapy cancer treatment. Its approximate price in 2018 (before coronavirus pandemic) was USD 100,000 per patient for the treatment for one year. In 2020 (during coronavirus pandemic) as well, the price for the treatment was an approximate of USD 100,100 per patient for treatment for a year, suggesting that the price for cytokines related treatments has not been severely impacted by COVID-19.IMPACT ON DEMANDThe demand in cytokines market has increased during the pandemic in various ways either because of the lockdowns and stringent guidelines or because of the COVID-19 virus itself in some cases such as:On the basis of therapeutic applications, cytokines treatments may be used for diseases such as arthritis, cancer, asthma and airway inflammation. As a result of the pandemic, instances of respiratory problems (specifically in COVID-19 patients) and arthritis (as a result of lifestyle changes) has increased resulting in growth of the market.For cosmetic industry, the cytokines market has increased rapidly as a result of increasing influence from social media and the lockdowns during the pandemic which has increased the demand for self-care products. The excessive inflammatory reaction in cases of cytokines storms is a result of host immune response to SARS-CoV-2 virus. It has been suggested that the cytokines storm is correlated directly with unfavorable prognosis of COVID-19, multi – organ failure and lung injury by a number of studies that has been analyzing cytokines profiles from COVID-19 patients. As a result, the situation has increased the size for cytokines market.According to a study, in cases of cytokines storms, specifically in patients infected with COVID-19, the probability of death increases by 8.2% for every yearly increase in age on an average in general scenario, however, this is not the case with male gender, resulting in probability of having a comparatively smaller market size for males when compared to demand and market size for females.Moreover, because of increasing instances of related patients, the demand for immunoassay apparatus has increased during the pandemic.AYUSH had reported a three-fold increase in demand during the pandemic owing to an increased demand for immunity boosting and natural products.IMPACT ON SUPPLY CHAINBecause of the various lockdown guidelines imposed in various regions during the COVID-19 outbreak, even if most of the companies and hospitals have shifted to the usage of significant automation techniques for the production, either individually or in collaboration with other companies, a huge impact on the process flow because of lack of man-force requirement cannot be neglected as an impact of COVID-19. Moreover, the whole process needs to be re-planned and executed in consideration with the restrictions starting from initial stage of production, for instance, improved hygiene standards. This has led to an increase in production costs and time as compared to before.During the COVID-19 pandemic, FDA has been closely monitoring the supply chain for medical products as the organization expects that it may have been impacted as a result of various new regulations during the spread of the virus leading to disruptions in supply or shortage of the products. Moreover, FDA has been taking initiatives to help alleviate and prevent the shortage and disruptions in the production and distribution processes for both drugs and medical devicesSupply chain of more companies in cytokines market also have been significantly impacted during the pandemic, however, there are also such companies in the market which have not been negatively impacted during the time.For instance,Pfizer Inc. has reported challenges in supply chain for raw material supplies for their products as a result of COVID-19.AbbVie Inc. has reported challenges in transportations as a result of changing guidelines across regions and governments, changing safety standards in manufacturing sites and labs, standardization of new practices along with redundancy of network for appropriate and timely functioning of various processes.Novartis AG, however, continues to operate and deliver its products to healthcare providers and patients without much anticipated impact on its supply chain around the world as a result of strong inventory and mitigation measures.STRATEGIC DECISIONS BY MANUFACTURERSThe companies and governments are implementing certain strategic initiatives for improvement in processes, distribution and revenue during COVID-19 including new partnerships, acquisitions, product launches and mergers. Some of the instances for the same from players in cytokines market include:Pfizer Inc. has outlined a five-point plan as a response to the global health crisis. This plan involves sharing tools and insights, marshalling the people, applying drug development expertise, offering manufacturing capabilities and improving future rapid response.Johnson and Johnson Services, Inc. efforts to identify therapies and develop a vaccine for the infection, supporting frontline workers and communities, providing easy access to products, solutions, medicines and devices at the time of lockdown.Agreement between Lonza and AstraZeneca for manufacturing AZD7442, a potential prevention for COVID-19 updated policies for the use of disinfectants as a result of the pandemic by Lonza group.Companies as GlaxoSmithKline plc and Sanofi are directing a huge portion of their research and development activities towards COVID-19 and therefore, cytokines storms as they are a major immune response in COVID-19 patients.AbbVie Inc. has been collaborating with major health institutions and authorities to identify potential treatments for the virus and providing free home delivery for major test kits in the U.S.Novartis AG committed to maintain strong support to healthcare systems and patients and price stability for essential medicines.CONCLUSIONAs any other market and the financial system globally, COVID-19 has significantly impacted global cytokines market in various ways. However, not all the aspects of global cytokines market have been impacted negatively. To summarize, price for products in the market has not been affected much and the demand has increased in various segments of the cytokines market. The supply chain of the market players, however, has been impacted in a negative way but manufacturers are taking required measures to respond to the situation in effective ways. Moreover, the manufacturers have been taking significant strategic decisions to improve their services during the pandemic.
