In February 2021, a study published by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) highlighted several systemic barriers to the effective management of endocarditis. These included diagnostic delays, variability in antibiotic stewardship programs, and insufficient multidisciplinary collaboration in hospitals.
Additionally, the lack of standardized treatment protocols across healthcare settings can complicate timely diagnosis and therapeutic intervention, emphasizing the need for greater integration of clinical guidelines, enhanced infection control practices, and expanded education for healthcare providers.



